BIOMONITORING PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PABRIK GULA PT GUNUNG MADU PLANTATION LAMPUNG DENGAN ANALISIS BIOMARKER: INDEKS FISIOLOGI DAN PERUBAHAN HISTOLOGI HATI IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus Linn)

Abstract

PT Gunung Madu Plantation (GMP) is a pioneer in sugar industry outside Java Island (Lampung). This industry produced liquid huge waste. The liquid waste was processed in waste installation unit. The biomonitoring done to the waste installation unit is by planting nila fish (Oreochromis niloticus Linn) in some of the waste processing pool units used as bioindicator.  Therefore this research aims to: (1) know the histological structure change on nila fish lever; (2) know the effect of factory liquid waste towards physiological indexes, i.e. Condition Factor (CF), Liver Somatic Index (LSI) and Gonad Somatic Index (GSI); and (3) know the effectivity of using biomarker as a quality indicator of waste installation unit pools at PT GMP, Lampung.  The results showed that there was histological structure on nila fish (O.niloticus) in the form of congestion or hyperemia and steatosis/fatty changes at waste installation unit pools of first and second aeration, stabilization, and, monitoring. The water of factory processing affected the physiological indexes of nila fish (O. niloticus). The condition factor (CF) of the pools were: at first aeration was 1.666; second aeration was 1.634; monitoring 1.521) ; stabilization was 1.719; and control was 1.729; The LSI first aeration was 1.222; second aeration was 1.142 ; monitoring was 1.032; stabilization was 0.998; and control was 2.118, the GSI, first aeration was 1.598; second aeration was 1.421; stabilization was 0.816; and control was 1.411. The biomarker analysis by knowing the physiological index and histological structure change may be used as effective biomonitoring to know the effectivity degree of processing waste liquid.

Keywords : biomarker, physiological index, congestion,  fatty change